International framework

Has the country ratified international conventions relevant to marketing and advertising?
a) World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) b) Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products

Has the country ratified international conventions relevant to product safety? a) Has the country ratified the Constitution of the World Health Organization?

Has the country ratified international conventions relevant to online abuse and exploitation? a) Has the country ratified the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography? b) Has the country signed in to the ‘We Protect Global Alliance’?

National framework

Does national legislation offer protection to children around marketing and advertising? a) Is there marketing and advertising self-regulation, including in relation to children? b) Does the national legislation impose restrictions on advertising and/or marketing in schools/children’s clubs/places children regularly visit?

Does the national legislation offer protection to children and young people with respect to access and marketing of harmful products (such as tobacco, alcohol and unhealthy diets such as HFSS (high fat, sugar and salt) foods)?
a) What are the age limits for purchasing tobacco? b) Is there a ban on tobacco advertising? c) Are there warnings about the dangers of tobacco? d) How many public places are protected from tobacco smoke? e) Age limits on alcohol sale on and off premises (beer, wine, spirits) f) Ban on alcohol (beer, spirit and wine) advertising on national TV, the internet and social media g) Is there national legislation to prevent illegal production and sales of alcohol? h) Health warning labels on alcohol containers or advertising i) Implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes in the national law k) Restrictions on advertising high fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) products

Does the national legislation offer protection to children and young people with respect to product safety? a) Existence of product safety legislation protecting children

Does the national legislation offer protection to children from online abuse and exploitation (e.g. legislation specific to child sexual abuse material (child pornography) or child sexual exploitation online)? a) Existence of national laws protecting children from online abuse and exploitation (e.g. child sexual abuse material, grooming, etc.)?

Are there state efforts (e.g. relevant programmes, awareness campaigns, systematic monitoring, enforcement and penalties) to reduce the access to harmful products (such as tobacco, alcohol and unhealthy HFSS diets) by children and young people?
a) Existence of operational policy/strategy/action plan to decrease tobacco use b) Anti-tobacco mass media campaigns in the last reporting period with duration of at least three weeks
c) Existence of operational policy/strategy/action plan to reduce the harmful use of alcohol
d) Awareness activities by the state to reduce the rate of young people’s drinking
e) Existence of operational policy/strategy/action plan to reduce unhealthy diet
f) Existence of a formal monitoring mechanism for the implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes

Are there state efforts (e.g. product recall systems, awareness campaigns, penalties) to ensure consumer protection, including improved product safety for children and young people?
a) Evidence of product recall systems or other measures to reduce the access of children and young people to unsafe products b) Existence of a monitoring body responsible for consumer protection

Are there state efforts (e.g. relevant National Action Plans, programmes, awareness campaigns, penalties) to reduce the rates of online child abuse, exploitation and cyber-bulling)?
a) Existence of National Action Plans to tackle commercial sexual exploitation of children"
b) Existence of National Action Plans to tackle cyber-bullying

To what degree do children and young people have access to harmful products (such as tobacco, alcohol, unhealthy diets)? a) Youth smoking rate for males and females aged 13 to 15 years (current tobacco use)
b) 15-19 years old total alcohol per capita consumption in litres of pure alcohol
c) Children aged <5 years overweight (most recent survey data)
d) Children and adolescents aged 5-19 years overweight (most recent survey data)
e) Exclusive breastfeeding rates

To what degree do children and young people get injured from using products (e.g. toys, furniture for nurseries, food, etc.)? a) Death rate from injuries among children under 5
b) Mortality rates due to poisoning per 100,000 children and young people (under 29 years of age)

To what degree are children exposed to the risk of online abuse and exploitation (including cyber-bullying)? a) What proportion of youth aged 15-24 use the internet? b) Frequency of bullying at school (proxy for cyber-bullying) c) What is the relative bullying risk?

The Children’s Rights and Business Atlas is constructed using open-source data, prioritising data from reliable sources and acknowledged by national governments and intergovernmental agencies. Where such data was not available, data was obtained from reliable and well-respected academic and independent (i.e., business or non-governmental) sources.

Legal framework

ECPAT, 2016. Country Reports. Available at: http://www.ecpat.org/resources/

Geocities, 2002. Minimum Legal Ages for Smoking and Purchase of Tobacco Around the World. http://www.geocities.jp/m_kato_clinic/mini-age-tobacco-eng-1.html

ICC, 2016. Codes Around the World. Available at: http://www.codescentre.com/codes-around-the-world.aspx

International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children, 2016. Child Pornography: Model legislation and Global Review. 8th Edition. Available at: http://www.icmec.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Child-Pornography-Model-Law-8th-Ed-Final-linked.pdf

OHCHR, 2016. Status of Ratification and Reporting. Available at: http://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/TreatyBodyExternal/Treaty.aspx

Tobacco Free Kids, 2015. Tobacco Control Laws. Available at: http://www.tobaccocontrollaws.org/legislation/

UN Treaty Collection, 2016. Available at: https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IX-1&chapter=9&clang=_en

UN, 2016. Ratification of the Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products. Available at: https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IX-4-a&chapter=9&clang=_en

UN, 2016. Ratification of the WHO Convention on Tobacco Control. Available at: https://treaties.un.org/pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IX-4&chapter=9&clang=_en

We Protect Global Alliance, 2015. Statement of Action by Governments to Tackle Online CSE: ABU Dhabi WeProtect Summit. Available at: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5630f48de4b00a75476ecf0a/t/582ba1b403596e2e332b225c/1479254513430/WeProtect+2015+-+Country+Statement+of+Action.pdf

WHO, 2012-2013. Marketing of foods high in fat, salt and sugar to children. Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/191125/e96859.pdf

x WHO, 2012. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Age Limits, Alcohol Service / Sales. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.54500

x WHO, 2012. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Alcohol Use is Banned. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.54140

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Advertising Restrictions. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1131?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Health Warning Labels on Alcohol Advertising. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1192?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Legislation to Prevent Illegal Alcohol. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1129?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository: Progress Towards Selected Tobacco Control Policies for Demand Reduction. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.1241?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes: National Implementation of the International Code: Status Report 2016. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/206008/1/9789241565325_eng.pdf?ua=1&ua=1

WHO, FCTC, 2014. Minimum Age for Purchasing Tobacco Products. Available at: http://apps.who.int/fctc/implementation/database/article/article-16/indicators/4496/reports

Enforcement

European Child Safety Alliance, 2012. Child Safety Report Card 2012. Available at: http://www.childsafetyeurope.org/reportcards/downloads.html

GISWatch, 2016. Reports by Country, Region or Theme. Available at: https://www.giswatch.org/all_reports

GRID, 2016. Online Safety Information by Country, Region or State. Available at: http://fosigrid.org/

No Bullying, 2016. Bullying Around the World. Available at: https://nobullying.com/category/global-bullying/

OECD, 2009. Compilation of Responses to the OECD 2008 Questionnaire on Consumer Product Safety. Available at: http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?doclanguage=en&cote=dsti/cp%282008%2918/add/final

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Awareness Activities. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1198?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Central Coordinating Entity. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1125?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository. National Tobacco Control Programmes. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.TOB33400

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository. Policies, Strategies and Action Plans. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/view.main.2473

WHO, 2016. Global Heath Observatory Data Repository. Progress Towards Selected Tobacco Control Policies for Demand Reduction. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.1241?lang=en

Outcomes

ITU, 2017. ICT Facts and Figures 2017. Available at : https://www.itu.int/en/ITU D/Statistics/Pages/facts/default.aspx

UNICEF Data, 2016. Bullying, Adolescents Aged 13 to 15 Years Who Reported Being Bullied at School at Least Once in the Past Couple of Months. Available at: http://data.unicef.org/end-violence-dataviz/

Violence Against Children, 2016. Ending the torment: tackling bullying from the schoolyard to cyberspace. Available at: https://violenceagainstchildren.un.org/sites/violenceagainstchildren.un.org/files/documents/publications/tackling_bullying_from_schoolyard_to_cyberspace_low_res_fa.pdf

WHO, 2008. World Report on Child Injury Prevention. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43851/1/9789241563574_eng.pdf

WHO, 2013. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, 2013: Enforcing Bans on Tobacco Advertising, Promotion and Sponsorship. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/85380/1/9789241505871_eng.pdf?ua=1

WHO, 2016. Child Causes of Death 2000-2015. Available at: http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_child_cod_2015/en/

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Child Malnutrition Country Estimates. Children Aged <5 years Overweight. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.1096?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Exclusive Breastfeeding Under 6 Months. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.1100?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Prevalence – Most Recent Youth Survey. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.TOB1257?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Youth and Alcohol. 15-19 Years Old Total Alcohol per Capita Consumption. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A1208?lang=en

WHO, 2016. Prevalence of Overweight Among Children and Adolescents, BMI>+1 Standard Deviation Above the Median, Crude. Estimates by Country, Among Children Aged 5-19 years. Available at: http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.BMIPLUS1C?lang=en